日本的自来水究竟有多安全？

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很多人可能都知道，日本的水道水，也即是自来水是可以直接饮用的。前些年日本更是在各个地方大做广告，说是东京的水道水比矿泉水更好喝。但是日本的水道水到底有多安全？既然这么安全为什么还有很多人买矿泉水喝呢？日本人不光爱喝矿泉水，还爱喝冰水，甚至可以说到了一种痴迷的地步了，去过日本的人都知道，在日本要喝上一杯热水是相当不易的。究竟日本人民为何对冰水情有独钟呢？

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<p>1.如果你来日本旅游，有两样东西是不必随身携带的，第一是手纸，因为日本的公共卫生间永远都有手纸。</p>
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<p>2.另外一个就是饮用水。</p>
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<p>3.饮用水不用携带的原因有两个，第一是日本自动贩卖机非常非常多，基本有人的地方就有贩卖机，而且支付非常方便，比如现在大部分自动贩卖机都支持交通磁卡支付，等于你坐电车新干线巴士饮水甚至便利店超市就一张磁卡够了。</p>
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<p>4.另外一个原因就是日本的自来水可以直接饮用，而且在任何公共场合，无论是皇居前的广场还是无人的僻静公园，通常都会有免费的专门饮水设施。</p>
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<p>5.部分地方诸如旅游景点，大型超市可能还提供冰镇自来水。</p>
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<p>6.可是，自来水真的可以直接喝吗！难道不会不安全吗？</p>
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<p>7.如果你担心饮用水安全问题，那么问你一个问题好了，你觉得饮用矿泉水安全吗？</p>
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<p>8.如果回答是安全，那么你就不用担心了。</p>
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<p>9.因为在日本，饮用自来水比矿泉水更加安全。</p>
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<p>10.在日本，矿泉水安全标准按照一般食品来，而自来水按照《水道法》标准执行，水道法标准更加严格。</p>
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<p>11.东京大学著名教授安井至发表过文章，其中就说道“水道水与矿泉水相比的话，就各项安全基准来说，水道水更高”。</p>
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<p>12.能直接饮用的水道水的精查相当困难复杂，但是日本克服了这一困难。</p>
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<p>13.矿泉水的安全基准为18个项目，而水道水的安全基准为51个项目，就在安全基准的严格上来说，水道水就完全压制矿泉水了。</p>
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<p>14.水中的砒素、氟素、硼素、锌、锰等等只有通过了国家规定的安全基准以下才能通过水道管到达各个家庭中。</p>
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<p>15.其中的致癌率较高的砒素，水道水要比矿泉水的基准值严格5倍。矿泉水的砒素基准值为0.05mg/L，而水道水为0.01mg/L。</p>
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<p>16.也有人比较在意水道水中的氯元素，但是水道水中的氯元素是对人体无害的，而且能防止细菌的增生。反过来说，对于没有添加氯元素的矿泉水来说，更容易细菌增生，降低安全性。据试验统计，矿泉水开盖后数小时就会产生1000种以上的细菌。</p>
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<p>17.当然啦，有人实在是受不了这个漂白粉的味道。小编教你几个招式，轻松去除味道。</p>
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<p>18.拿个空瓶，不要放满，然后摇晃数十秒，就能去除漂白粉的味道了。日本水道水中漂白粉的成分极其容易分解，所以靠摇晃就能去除味道。</p>
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<p>19.当然也可以直接与柠檬汁混在一起，清凉可口。最后，要注意的就是煮过的水道水要及时饮用，失去氯元素的水道水也是极其容易产生细菌的！</p>
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<p>20.看起来直接喝水道水应该是日本人的一个共识了！然而事实并不是这样。</p>
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<p>21.虽然日本的自来水完全可以直接饮用，但是直接喝自来水的人只占了不到四成。</p>
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<p>22.另外，在水龙头上加净水器再喝的人为32%，买矿泉水喝的人29.6%，把自来水烧开喝的人占27.7%。</p>
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<p>23.为什么会这样子？</p>
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<p>24.首先是对自来水的安全性的质疑。根据另一项调查，日本人里面有20%的人对自来水的安全性抱有不安。当然，这种不安有类似于谣言或者多余担心的性质。毕竟在人们看来，花钱买带包装的东西总是更放心的。</p>
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<p>25.这也可以解释为什么那么多人首选用净水器过滤自来水再喝。大部分都是非常简单的过滤，百元店就可以买到。另外还有有过滤功能的杯子等。</p>
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<p>26.其次，日本人对于食物和饮料的细微味道比较挑剔，有一点异味都不行。</p>
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<p>27.同样是不含异味的水，却能神奇地喝出矿泉水和自来水的区别，也许有心理作用在。</p>
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<p>28.日本的矿泉水卖的主要不是干净，而是各大水源的美味。比如富士山的水，北海道的水，有些还加了一些水果味道使其更好喝。</p>
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<p>29.再加上各种“对健康好”的名堂，就出现了很多不喝自来水每天买大瓶装水的人。</p>
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<p>30.最后一个原因是便利和身份。其实在日本可以喝自来水的地方很多，车站也基本都配备有饮水处。但饮水处显然不能携带，而瓶装水随时可喝，比较方便。</p>
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<p>31.另外，日本人非常在意他人的眼光，尤其是社会人士大多讲究个“大人的成熟风范”，趴在饮水处咕咚咕咚地喝或者拿个水杯接免费水显然穷酸气飘然而出，不符合他们的范儿。</p>
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<p>32.而矿泉水又确实不贵，自动贩卖机的密度比饮水处大得多，不必费劲去找，何不就买了呢？</p>
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